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Abasa

Surah 80 · 42 verses
1-10 · 11-20 · 21-30 · 31-40 · 41-42
11

كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

No! Indeed, these verses are a reminder;

Tafsir

The Tafsir of Surah `Abasa (Chapter - 80) Which was revealed in Makkah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ ۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ فَأَنتَ لَهُ ۥ تَصَدَّىٰ وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(1. He frowned and turned away.) (2. Because there came to him the blind man.) (3. And how can you know that he might become pure) (4. Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him) (5. As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient,) (6. To him you attend;) (7. What does it matter to you if he will not become pure) (8. But as for him who came to you running,) (9. And is afraid.) (10. Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another.) (11. Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) (12. So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) (13. In Records held in honor,) (14. Exalted, purified.) (15. In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) (16. Honorable and obedient.)

12

فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ

So whoever wills may remember it.

Tafsir

The Tafsir of Surah `Abasa (Chapter - 80) Which was revealed in Makkah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ ۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ فَأَنتَ لَهُ ۥ تَصَدَّىٰ وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(1. He frowned and turned away.) (2. Because there came to him the blind man.) (3. And how can you know that he might become pure) (4. Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him) (5. As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient,) (6. To him you attend;) (7. What does it matter to you if he will not become pure) (8. But as for him who came to you running,) (9. And is afraid.) (10. Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another.) (11. Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) (12. So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) (13. In Records held in honor,) (14. Exalted, purified.) (15. In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) (16. Honorable and obedient.)

13

فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬

[It is recorded] in honored sheets,

Tafsir

The Tafsir of Surah `Abasa (Chapter - 80) Which was revealed in Makkah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ ۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ فَأَنتَ لَهُ ۥ تَصَدَّىٰ وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(1. He frowned and turned away.) (2. Because there came to him the blind man.) (3. And how can you know that he might become pure) (4. Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him) (5. As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient,) (6. To him you attend;) (7. What does it matter to you if he will not become pure) (8. But as for him who came to you running,) (9. And is afraid.) (10. Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another.) (11. Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) (12. So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) (13. In Records held in honor,) (14. Exalted, purified.) (15. In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) (16. Honorable and obedient.)

14

مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

Exalted and purified,

Tafsir

The Tafsir of Surah `Abasa (Chapter - 80) Which was revealed in Makkah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ ۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ فَأَنتَ لَهُ ۥ تَصَدَّىٰ وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(1. He frowned and turned away.) (2. Because there came to him the blind man.) (3. And how can you know that he might become pure) (4. Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him) (5. As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient,) (6. To him you attend;) (7. What does it matter to you if he will not become pure) (8. But as for him who came to you running,) (9. And is afraid.) (10. Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another.) (11. Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) (12. So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) (13. In Records held in honor,) (14. Exalted, purified.) (15. In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) (16. Honorable and obedient.)

15

بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬

[Carried] by the hands of messenger-angels,

Tafsir

The Tafsir of Surah `Abasa (Chapter - 80) Which was revealed in Makkah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ ۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ فَأَنتَ لَهُ ۥ تَصَدَّىٰ وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(1. He frowned and turned away.) (2. Because there came to him the blind man.) (3. And how can you know that he might become pure) (4. Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him) (5. As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient,) (6. To him you attend;) (7. What does it matter to you if he will not become pure) (8. But as for him who came to you running,) (9. And is afraid.) (10. Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another.) (11. Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) (12. So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) (13. In Records held in honor,) (14. Exalted, purified.) (15. In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) (16. Honorable and obedient.)

16

كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

Noble and dutiful.

Tafsir

The Tafsir of Surah `Abasa (Chapter - 80) Which was revealed in Makkah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّىٰٓ أَن جَآءَهُ ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ ۥ يَزَّكَّىٰٓ أَوۡ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنفَعَهُ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰٓ أَمَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡنَىٰ فَأَنتَ لَهُ ۥ تَصَدَّىٰ وَمَا عَلَيۡكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّىٰ وَأَمَّا مَن جَآءَكَ يَسۡعَىٰ وَهُوَ يَخۡشَىٰ فَأَنتَ عَنۡهُ تَلَهَّىٰ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(1. He frowned and turned away.) (2. Because there came to him the blind man.) (3. And how can you know that he might become pure) (4. Or he might receive admonition, and the admonition might profit him) (5. As for him who thinks himself self-sufficient,) (6. To him you attend;) (7. What does it matter to you if he will not become pure) (8. But as for him who came to you running,) (9. And is afraid.) (10. Of him you are neglectful and divert your attention to another.) (11. Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) (12. So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) (13. In Records held in honor,) (14. Exalted, purified.) (15. In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) (16. Honorable and obedient.)

17

قُتِلَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ مَآ أَكۡفَرَهُ ۥ

Cursed is man; how disbelieving is he.

Tafsir

The Characteristics of the Qur'an

Allah says,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) meaning, this Surah, or this advice in conveying knowledge equally among people, whether they are of noble or low class. Qatadah and As-Suddi both said,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) "This means the Qur'an.''

﴿ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ

(So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) meaning, so whoever wills, he remembers Allah in all of his affairs. The pronoun could also be understood to be referring to the revelation since the conversation is alluding to it. Allah said:

﴿ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(In Records held in honor, exalted, purified.) meaning, this Surah or this admonition. Both meanings are connected to each other. Actually, all of the Qur'an is in honored pages, meaning respected and revered.

﴿ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬

(exalted) meaning, elevated in status.

﴿ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(purified) meaning, from impurity, additions and deficiency. Concerning Allah's statement,

﴿ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬

(In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, and Ibn Zayd, all said, "These are the angels.'' Al-Bukhari said, "Safarah (ambassadors) refers to the angels. They travel around rectifying matters between themselves. The angels when they descend with the revelation of Allah, bringing it like the ambassador who rectifies matters between people.'' Allah said,

﴿ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(Honorable and obedient.) meaning, they are noble, handsome, and honorable in their creation. Their character and their deeds are righteous, pure and perfect. Here it should be noted that it is necessary for one who carries the Qur'an (i.e., the angel) to be following righteousness and guidance. Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah said,

« الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ، مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ، وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَان »

(He who recites the Qur'an proficiently, will be with the noble, righteous, ambassador angels, and the one who recites it with difficulty will receive two rewards.) This Hadith was reported by the group.

﴿ قُتِلَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ مَآ أَكۡفَرَهُ ۥ مِنۡ أَىِّ شَىۡءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ فَقَدَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ ۥ فَأَقۡبَرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُ ۥ كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقۡضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُ ۥ فَلۡيَنظُرِ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦۤ أَنَّا صَبَبۡنَا ٱلۡمَآءَ صَبًّ۬ا ثُمَّ شَقَقۡنَا ٱلۡأَرۡضَ شَقًّ۬ا فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيہَا حَبًّ۬ا وَعِنَبً۬ا وَقَضۡبً۬ا وَزَيۡتُونً۬ا وَنَخۡلاً۬ وَحَدَآٮِٕقَ غُلۡبً۬ا وَفَـٰكِهَةً۬ وَأَبًّ۬ا مَّتَـٰعً۬ا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَـٰمِكُمۡ

(17. Qutila mankind! How ungrateful he is!) (18. From what thing did He create him) (19. From a Nutfah He created him and then set him in due proportion.) (20. Then He made the path easy for him.) (21. Then He causes him to die and puts him in his grave.) (22. Then when it is His will, He will resurrect him.) (23. Nay, but has not done what He commanded him.) (24. Then let man look at his food:) (25. We pour forth water in abundance.) (26. And We split the earth in clefts.) (27. And We cause therein Habb to grow,) (28. And grapes and Qadb,) (29. And olives and date palms,) (30. And Ghulb Hada'iq,) (31. And fruits (Fakihah) and herbage (Abb).) (32. A provision and benefit for you and your cattle.)

18

مِنۡ أَىِّ شَىۡءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ

From what substance did He create him?

Tafsir

The Characteristics of the Qur'an

Allah says,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) meaning, this Surah, or this advice in conveying knowledge equally among people, whether they are of noble or low class. Qatadah and As-Suddi both said,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) "This means the Qur'an.''

﴿ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ

(So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) meaning, so whoever wills, he remembers Allah in all of his affairs. The pronoun could also be understood to be referring to the revelation since the conversation is alluding to it. Allah said:

﴿ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(In Records held in honor, exalted, purified.) meaning, this Surah or this admonition. Both meanings are connected to each other. Actually, all of the Qur'an is in honored pages, meaning respected and revered.

﴿ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬

(exalted) meaning, elevated in status.

﴿ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(purified) meaning, from impurity, additions and deficiency. Concerning Allah's statement,

﴿ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬

(In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, and Ibn Zayd, all said, "These are the angels.'' Al-Bukhari said, "Safarah (ambassadors) refers to the angels. They travel around rectifying matters between themselves. The angels when they descend with the revelation of Allah, bringing it like the ambassador who rectifies matters between people.'' Allah said,

﴿ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(Honorable and obedient.) meaning, they are noble, handsome, and honorable in their creation. Their character and their deeds are righteous, pure and perfect. Here it should be noted that it is necessary for one who carries the Qur'an (i.e., the angel) to be following righteousness and guidance. Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah said,

« الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ، مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ، وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَان »

(He who recites the Qur'an proficiently, will be with the noble, righteous, ambassador angels, and the one who recites it with difficulty will receive two rewards.) This Hadith was reported by the group.

﴿ قُتِلَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ مَآ أَكۡفَرَهُ ۥ مِنۡ أَىِّ شَىۡءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ فَقَدَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ ۥ فَأَقۡبَرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُ ۥ كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقۡضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُ ۥ فَلۡيَنظُرِ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦۤ أَنَّا صَبَبۡنَا ٱلۡمَآءَ صَبًّ۬ا ثُمَّ شَقَقۡنَا ٱلۡأَرۡضَ شَقًّ۬ا فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيہَا حَبًّ۬ا وَعِنَبً۬ا وَقَضۡبً۬ا وَزَيۡتُونً۬ا وَنَخۡلاً۬ وَحَدَآٮِٕقَ غُلۡبً۬ا وَفَـٰكِهَةً۬ وَأَبًّ۬ا مَّتَـٰعً۬ا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَـٰمِكُمۡ

(17. Qutila mankind! How ungrateful he is!) (18. From what thing did He create him) (19. From a Nutfah He created him and then set him in due proportion.) (20. Then He made the path easy for him.) (21. Then He causes him to die and puts him in his grave.) (22. Then when it is His will, He will resurrect him.) (23. Nay, but has not done what He commanded him.) (24. Then let man look at his food:) (25. We pour forth water in abundance.) (26. And We split the earth in clefts.) (27. And We cause therein Habb to grow,) (28. And grapes and Qadb,) (29. And olives and date palms,) (30. And Ghulb Hada'iq,) (31. And fruits (Fakihah) and herbage (Abb).) (32. A provision and benefit for you and your cattle.)

19

مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ فَقَدَّرَهُ ۥ

From a sperm-drop He created him and destined for him;

Tafsir

The Characteristics of the Qur'an

Allah says,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) meaning, this Surah, or this advice in conveying knowledge equally among people, whether they are of noble or low class. Qatadah and As-Suddi both said,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) "This means the Qur'an.''

﴿ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ

(So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) meaning, so whoever wills, he remembers Allah in all of his affairs. The pronoun could also be understood to be referring to the revelation since the conversation is alluding to it. Allah said:

﴿ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(In Records held in honor, exalted, purified.) meaning, this Surah or this admonition. Both meanings are connected to each other. Actually, all of the Qur'an is in honored pages, meaning respected and revered.

﴿ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬

(exalted) meaning, elevated in status.

﴿ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(purified) meaning, from impurity, additions and deficiency. Concerning Allah's statement,

﴿ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬

(In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, and Ibn Zayd, all said, "These are the angels.'' Al-Bukhari said, "Safarah (ambassadors) refers to the angels. They travel around rectifying matters between themselves. The angels when they descend with the revelation of Allah, bringing it like the ambassador who rectifies matters between people.'' Allah said,

﴿ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(Honorable and obedient.) meaning, they are noble, handsome, and honorable in their creation. Their character and their deeds are righteous, pure and perfect. Here it should be noted that it is necessary for one who carries the Qur'an (i.e., the angel) to be following righteousness and guidance. Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah said,

« الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ، مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ، وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَان »

(He who recites the Qur'an proficiently, will be with the noble, righteous, ambassador angels, and the one who recites it with difficulty will receive two rewards.) This Hadith was reported by the group.

﴿ قُتِلَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ مَآ أَكۡفَرَهُ ۥ مِنۡ أَىِّ شَىۡءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ فَقَدَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ ۥ فَأَقۡبَرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُ ۥ كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقۡضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُ ۥ فَلۡيَنظُرِ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦۤ أَنَّا صَبَبۡنَا ٱلۡمَآءَ صَبًّ۬ا ثُمَّ شَقَقۡنَا ٱلۡأَرۡضَ شَقًّ۬ا فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيہَا حَبًّ۬ا وَعِنَبً۬ا وَقَضۡبً۬ا وَزَيۡتُونً۬ا وَنَخۡلاً۬ وَحَدَآٮِٕقَ غُلۡبً۬ا وَفَـٰكِهَةً۬ وَأَبًّ۬ا مَّتَـٰعً۬ا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَـٰمِكُمۡ

(17. Qutila mankind! How ungrateful he is!) (18. From what thing did He create him) (19. From a Nutfah He created him and then set him in due proportion.) (20. Then He made the path easy for him.) (21. Then He causes him to die and puts him in his grave.) (22. Then when it is His will, He will resurrect him.) (23. Nay, but has not done what He commanded him.) (24. Then let man look at his food:) (25. We pour forth water in abundance.) (26. And We split the earth in clefts.) (27. And We cause therein Habb to grow,) (28. And grapes and Qadb,) (29. And olives and date palms,) (30. And Ghulb Hada'iq,) (31. And fruits (Fakihah) and herbage (Abb).) (32. A provision and benefit for you and your cattle.)

20

ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ ۥ

Then He eased the way for him;

Tafsir

The Characteristics of the Qur'an

Allah says,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) meaning, this Surah, or this advice in conveying knowledge equally among people, whether they are of noble or low class. Qatadah and As-Suddi both said,

﴿ كَلَّآ إِنَّہَا تَذۡكِرَةٌ۬

(Nay; indeed it is an admonition.) "This means the Qur'an.''

﴿ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ ۥ

(So, whoever wills, let him pay attention to Him (it).) meaning, so whoever wills, he remembers Allah in all of his affairs. The pronoun could also be understood to be referring to the revelation since the conversation is alluding to it. Allah said:

﴿ فِى صُحُفٍ۬ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ۬ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(In Records held in honor, exalted, purified.) meaning, this Surah or this admonition. Both meanings are connected to each other. Actually, all of the Qur'an is in honored pages, meaning respected and revered.

﴿ مَّرۡفُوعَةٍ۬

(exalted) meaning, elevated in status.

﴿ مُّطَهَّرَةِۭ

(purified) meaning, from impurity, additions and deficiency. Concerning Allah's statement,

﴿ بِأَيۡدِى سَفَرَةٍ۬

(In the hands of ambassadors (Safarah),) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, and Ibn Zayd, all said, "These are the angels.'' Al-Bukhari said, "Safarah (ambassadors) refers to the angels. They travel around rectifying matters between themselves. The angels when they descend with the revelation of Allah, bringing it like the ambassador who rectifies matters between people.'' Allah said,

﴿ كِرَامِۭ بَرَرَةٍ۬

(Honorable and obedient.) meaning, they are noble, handsome, and honorable in their creation. Their character and their deeds are righteous, pure and perfect. Here it should be noted that it is necessary for one who carries the Qur'an (i.e., the angel) to be following righteousness and guidance. Imam Ahmad recorded from `A'ishah that the Messenger of Allah said,

« الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ، مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ، وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَان »

(He who recites the Qur'an proficiently, will be with the noble, righteous, ambassador angels, and the one who recites it with difficulty will receive two rewards.) This Hadith was reported by the group.

﴿ قُتِلَ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ مَآ أَكۡفَرَهُ ۥ مِنۡ أَىِّ شَىۡءٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ ۥ فَقَدَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ ٱلسَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ ۥ فَأَقۡبَرَهُ ۥ ثُمَّ إِذَا شَآءَ أَنشَرَهُ ۥ كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقۡضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُ ۥ فَلۡيَنظُرِ ٱلۡإِنسَـٰنُ إِلَىٰ طَعَامِهِۦۤ أَنَّا صَبَبۡنَا ٱلۡمَآءَ صَبًّ۬ا ثُمَّ شَقَقۡنَا ٱلۡأَرۡضَ شَقًّ۬ا فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيہَا حَبًّ۬ا وَعِنَبً۬ا وَقَضۡبً۬ا وَزَيۡتُونً۬ا وَنَخۡلاً۬ وَحَدَآٮِٕقَ غُلۡبً۬ا وَفَـٰكِهَةً۬ وَأَبًّ۬ا مَّتَـٰعً۬ا لَّكُمۡ وَلِأَنۡعَـٰمِكُمۡ

(17. Qutila mankind! How ungrateful he is!) (18. From what thing did He create him) (19. From a Nutfah He created him and then set him in due proportion.) (20. Then He made the path easy for him.) (21. Then He causes him to die and puts him in his grave.) (22. Then when it is His will, He will resurrect him.) (23. Nay, but has not done what He commanded him.) (24. Then let man look at his food:) (25. We pour forth water in abundance.) (26. And We split the earth in clefts.) (27. And We cause therein Habb to grow,) (28. And grapes and Qadb,) (29. And olives and date palms,) (30. And Ghulb Hada'iq,) (31. And fruits (Fakihah) and herbage (Abb).) (32. A provision and benefit for you and your cattle.)